How The Fbi Has Changed Since 9/11

Editor's note: Read an updated version of this story here.

The decade after the 9/11 attacks reshaped many facets of life in America. Some changes were temporary — an immediate response out of concern for our safety — while some proved to be more than lasting transformations in American life.

An updated version of this story was published in 2018. Read that story here.

The American lexicon was one of the things that changed drastically in the months and years after the set on. Among the words or phrases (nine/11 existence one of them) that entered everyday language: al-Qaida, Taliban, basis zip, radicalism, extremism, anthrax and the Axis of Evil. Their usage dramatically increased and shortly became part of Americans' everyday lives.

With the 10th anniversary this week, we have a look at some of the other changes in American life:

Air Travel

Perhaps the nigh immediate and obvious changes later on the attacks took place in U.South. airports. Two months later the attacks, Congress federalized airport security by passing the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, which created the Transportation Security Administration. Prior to nine/11, security had been handled past each airdrome, which outsourced to private security companies.

The new TSA implemented procedures that included stricter guidelines on passenger and baggage screening. Only ticketed passengers could get through security, and an e'er-changing array of machinery and procedures were introduced to scan for weapons and destructive items. Every bit new threats were discovered after nine/11, new procedures were introduced, including removing shoes and banning liquids.

Airplanes themselves also underwent major overhauls: Fortified cockpit doors were introduced, and start-class cabin defunction were dropped by some airlines. Pilots can now utilize to become a federal flying deck officeholder, allowing them to carry a loaded gun and act as a federal officer aboard the plane.

In social club to offset the added security costs, a "Sept. 11 fee" was tacked onto passengers' tickets, with the TSA collecting nearly $15 billion collected over 9 years. Airlines as well had to give some of their luggage screening upkeep to aid offset costs every bit well. Air carrier fee collections amounted to $2.9 billion between 2002 and 2010.

Authorities

While the Patriot Act may be the most recognizable piece of legislation relating to Sept. 11, more than than 130 pieces of 9/11-related legislation were introduced in the 107th Congress in the year afterwards the attacks, with 48 bills and resolutions approved or signed into law. Along with the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, they included the Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform Act, which required the State Department and Immigration to share visa and immigrant information with each other. Subsequent years brought the release of the Post-9/eleven Yard.I. Beak, which gave educational funding to soldiers, and the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act of 2010, providing $4.ii billion for the wellness of people who worked at Ground Nada during and after the attacks.

Regime agencies created after 9/11 include the Department of Homeland Security, which consolidated other agencies, including the U.Due south. Clearing and Naturalization Service. According to The Washington Post, more than 263 government organizations were either created or reorganized following the attacks. The newspaper plant that more than ane,200 authorities organizations and 1,900 private companies practise work related to counter-terrorism, homeland security and intelligence. Budgets for defense-related agencies also rose. The Coast Guard, TSA and Border Patrol budgets take all more than doubled since 2001.

Architecture

The International Code Council released post-9/11 edifice code suggestions to brand skyscrapers safer and able to withstand similar incidents — at least long enough to evacuate occupants. Changes include more stairways for structures taller than about 42 stories, elevators that can be used during emergencies, college fire-resistance and affect-resistant walls for elevator shafts and exit stairways.

Illustration by William Neff, John Mangels of The Obviously Dealer. Web evolution by Felesia Jackson, Graphic Courtesy of The Cleveland Plain Dealer

Immigration, Tourism and Deportations

The state with the most notable drop in visa issuance subsequently 9/11 was Pakistan. In 2002, the number of tourist visas given to Pakistani citizens fell virtually 70 percent and immigrant visas dropped more than 40 per centum compared to 2001. Information technology wasn't until 2008 that Pakistani immigrant and tourist visas to reach pre-ix/11 levels. Egypt and Morocco also saw sharp drops in visas issued in 2002, though both have rebounded since.

International tourism to America roughshod for 3 years later on 2001. Starting in 2004, information technology began to increment once more, surpassing pre-2001 numbers in 2007. In 2010, a tape lx million foreign tourists visited. The number of Americans who traveled internationally also declined after nine/11, the Part of Travel and Tourism Industries reports.

Deportations as a whole rose past 104 percent from 2001 to 2010, according to information from the Department of Homeland Security. The region with the highest displacement percentage was Cardinal America, with a 430 percent increase, going from 14,452 deportees to 76,603. Asia saw a 34 per centum rise in deportations, while Europe rose by 46 percent. Deportations for persons from Egypt, Pakistan and Jordan spiked in 2003, with Arab republic of egypt showing the highest increase — 205 percent.

American Muslims

Anti-Islamic violence in America jumped afterwards the attacks. According to the FBI, 28 detest crimes committed in 2000 were institute to be anti-Islamic. In 2001, that number jumped to 481, and information technology remained in a higher place 100 in subsequent years.

Clinical psychologist Hisham Abu-Raiya of Tel Aviv University conducted extensive enquiry on the aftereffects of 9/11 on American Muslims. Of those he surveyed, he found that a majority experienced negative events, such as verbal harassment and increased airport security checks.

We had much more on the ways ix/11 shaped America in the past decade on Dominicus'southward NewsHour special "America Remembers 9/xi":

Data sources:

Department of Homeland Security Discretionary Budget

Financial year 2004
Financial year 2005
Financial year 2006
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Fiscal year 2008
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Fiscal year 2010
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Fiscal year 2012